Milk Thistle Seed (Silybum marianum). When milk thistle extract is given an exciting reversal in symptoms of both acute and chronic liver problems, ranging from viral hepatitis to cirrhosis, has occurred. The active ingredient in milk thistle is silymarin that increases protein synthesis in liver cells, by increasing the activity of ribosomal RNA. It stimulates the liver to produce SOD, a potent, free radical scavenger. It prevents depletion of glutathione in the liver. Milk Thistle also protects kidneys and is beneficial to those with psoriasis. It also blocks allergic and inflammatory reactions. It aids immune response by increasing the production of T-lymphocytes and soluble proteins (interferon). Milk Thistle is known to stop the toxicity of Amanita mushroom poisoning and common dry-cleaning fluid (carbon tetrachloride) poisoning. Note: Milk Thistle is a member of the Ragweed Family.